🍚 Таджикистан: азиатская диктатура или советский Афганистан | Гражданская война, мигранты и Памир

🔥 Что особенного в таджикском плове?

Таджикский плов (оши палов) – это истинная жемчужина среднеазиатской кулинарии! В этом видео от канала varlamov вы откроете для себя уникальные секреты приготовления настоящего таджикского плова, который отличается от других региональных вариаций своей неповторимой технологией и особым набором специй.

Этот кулинарный мастер-класс длительностью 01:50:55 содержит бесценные знания о том, как создать идеальный таджикский плов с правильным балансом вкусов и ароматов. Видео уже оценили 88402 благодарных зрителей, которые смогли воссоздать это удивительное блюдо на своей кухне!

Tajiks are the Persians of the Soviet Union. The most ancient people, which for centuries
did not have their own country. What did the USSR give them? – Civilization came here on the blades of the red army. – What man wants to free his woman? Here people hid from repressions
and fled from the Great Patriotic War. – The best people of the country came to Tajikistan. The White Army, adventurers, the best people of the Russian nation. Far from Moscow, among the mountains, these people
almost managed to build the peak of communism. But the empire collapsed. – Independence fell to us from above we were given it, we did not want to take it. The end of the Soviet Union was the civil war. The most bloody in the territory of the former USSR. Tajikistan has become a country of refugees. – She was forced to be a cleaner, work
in the market, prepare food and sell it. And then it turned into a country of labor migrants. – Many young people who study there at universities or work, contrary to our interests, families and children are left here,
they get married there, do you understand? How does Tajikistan live, about which
you and I really do not know anything. – Manizha performed at Eurovision with our tsoma, she was wearing it on the red carpet. How they try to teach children the Russian language. – I say to their parents – don’t you feel sorry for your children?
They stand in the cold while waiting for a bus. “No, they have to learn Russian” They are not afraid of the Taliban. – They don’t even go there. They are afraid. But they are afraid of their own president. – Now you are afraid to say anything. – As soon as specific names are called, revenge begins. A country of fantastic mountains and wonderful hospitable people. Tajikistan.. “Each year we have lived brings
a lot of happiness and joy to our people.” This year marks 30 years since the collapse of the Soviet Union “Hello, Vesti is on air. The USSR no longer exists” One country turned into 15 different states,
each of which went its own way. The line on the dismemberment of the country prevailed. In honor of this date, I decided to see what led
the former republics to secede from the Union, how they lived these 30 years and what they want today. New restrictions were introduced in 30 regions of Russia in October. One of them is visiting restaurants, shopping centers
and other public places using a QR code. If you are planning a trip, you can independently track all the innovations or contact the customer support of the service
to buy cheap Aviasales tickets. There you will be advised about covid restrictions
in different regions of Russia and abroad. They will also advise where to fly, what to see, and where to stay. The link to Aviasales is already in the description for this video. In terms of population growth, Tajikistan has
overtaken all the former Soviet republics. But for the rest of the indicators, it is at the end of the ratings. The country is in 3rd place from the end in terms of industry. And with democracy it is worse than
in Tajikistan only in Turkmenistan. Well, the country ranks first in terms of GDP. From the end. Friends, today will be the most unusual release
of my project “30 years without the USSR” I asked a journalist and my friend Nigina Beroeva
to shoot a film about Tajikistan. In my opinion, it turned out very well, I looked with
great pleasure and highly recommend it to you. Why did I invite Nigina? For Nigina, this is a personal story. At the time of the collapse of the Soviet Union,
she lived with her family in Tajikistan. She was forced to flee the war, for her this is her
homeland, this is her home country, she experienced all this on herself and it seemed to me that she is the best fit who can tell about Tajikistan. Be sure to take a look, because in my opinion,
this episode is the most interesting and touching and emotional from the entire series “30 years without the USSR”. Be sure to write in the comments how you like Nigina, because if you like her work, maybe we will do some
more interesting projects with her. And now I will hand it over to Nigina. – I am driving up to the place where I grew up. Where I lived until 1993. Now I want to see if I even recognize my native places or not. Here we are approaching, this gas station was not here. In general, it is certainly not professional when
a journalist becomes the hero of a film. But my story is so characteristic of the collapse
of the Soviet Union that I could not help but tell it. Moreover, making a film about Tajikistan. I was born in Tajikistan, in this area I grew up and
lived the first 10 years of my life. There was a school here, in 1993 we left, we left here forever, as it seemed to us,
but that’s how it actually happened. Almost all our neighbors left, and it was a tragedy. It was a tragedy, and since then we have
been scattered all over the world, and sometimes someone comes back
to look at their native places, my god, I remember this booth. Let’s go take a look at the place where I lived.
Guys, how old are you? How old are you?
– Ten.
– Ten. I was the same age when I left here. This is my home. Damn it, this is the same paint and the same grilles. Absolutely the same grilles. I remember from childhood how to open this window,
where the hook is with which the grating opens, because we very often got locked
out of the apartment with my mother. And I would climb through the window and open the door. But many people still have apartments that have not been
sold, because it was impossible to do it. Someone sold it literally for three cents, but many just gave up. Like us. – I remember, yes, I remember. We cried, oh, how we cried, the war was bad. – Well, you know, we didn’t go outside. – You could hear everything that was shooting,
you could hear it. – Well, it was awful. That was horrible. It can be said that it was a nightmare. – They gave us 110 grams of bread. Per person. – Here everyone in Tajikistan has two,
three people in the family who were killed. War is tough. [inaudible] I ran here so that the bandits would not kill me. – They told me all sorts of things, about the curfew,
how my mother carried me in her arms to the airport to fly away. She actually ran. As my father was carrying me in his arms,
they stopped us and held a submachine gun in front of my face. – This is such a taboo topic that it is impossible to talk about it. Because it’s scary, it’s very… In a civil war, there is no right or wrong. Both sides are to blame. I remember how the USSR collapsed. In Tajikistan, this moment coincided with
the beginning of the civil war. And these two slides will remain aligned forever. This war began either due to the fact
that the Union collapsed, or because it was at all. It was difficult to figure out then. People were shooting, people were running,
people were dying. In 5 years, according to various estimates,
from 60 to 150 thousand killed. More than a million refugees. I am one of them. The same fate befell the singer Manizha. – As a child, you do not realize the severity of moving. Of escape. You are not aware of the severity of the war. Especially at the age at which I was. And as I grew up, when I became closer to adolescence, I began to wonder why we moved. Why this happened to our family. Why do they call me “black *ss”,
why do these things happen in my life. Why can’t we live in Tajikistan. The civil war in Tajikistan officially ended in 1997. Even the power of the current, or rather
the permanent president, rests on gratitude. The war ended. And on fear. It can come back. The new country had to be built on the ruins of what
was left of Soviet Tajikistan after 5 years of fighting. You know, when new houses are erected or restored
on old foundations from the fact what was left of the bombed-out houses. They changed the door. Nobody is at home. – Hello. Excuse me, have you been living here for a long time? Yes? Don’t you remember me? I lived here. – Are you Nigina?
– Yes.
– Oooh, hello! Tajikistan is the youngest, poorest and fastest
growing country in the former USSR. Tajikistan is generally a country of maximums. The most luxurious palaces, the tallest
flagpole in the world until recently, the lowest standard of living among all post-Soviet states. On the one hand, the country is big. 143 thousand square kilometers. But almost all of them are mountains. In these mountains, Soviet geologists found
almost the entire periodic table. True, these underground riches do not give
anything but patriotic pride to ordinary citizens. Over the past 30 years, despite the outflow of the population,
the number of residents of Tajikistan has almost doubled. Up to 9.5 million people. According to this indicator, the country is also in the lead. And Tajikistan is “lucky” with its neighbors. It’s always “fun”. Here is Afghanistan with radical Islam, and China
with a claim to world domination, and Kyrgyzstan – the border lands can
not be divided with it in any way. Fortunately, in recent years, there have peace
and love have been with Uzbekistan. However, all these boundaries were drawn nearly 100 years ago. In the Kremlin. Before the arrival of the Bolsheviks, there was no Tajikistan. There was Eastern Bukhara, a remote
outskirts of the Bukhara Emirate. In it, the Tajiks were one of the many peoples. But the only one not Turkic. – Tajiks, like many other European peoples,
belong to the Indo-European race. As a matter of fact. To the Indo-European race, the race to which the Russians,
Germans, and other peoples of Europe belong. Unlike their neighboring brothers and states. The formation of the Tajik nation lasted for many centuries. The key to understanding this historical process in general is after all, of course, the creation of the Samanid state. The state, which, in fact, was created and united by Ismoil Somoni. For the young Tajik authorities, Somoni
is like Prince Vladimir for the Russian. The founder of the first Tajik state, Somoni,
is now being immortalized in everything. In monuments, street names, in banknotes. Even in mountain peaks. The rule of the Samanid dynasty was bright, but short-lived. And the Tajiks after it, having lost their statehood together
with other peoples, passed from hand to hand. At the end of the 19th century, Russia conquered,
annexed, and then dissolved whole khanates in itself. In fact, the Russian Empire subjugated the entire Bukhara Emirate, until another empire took its place. – The Bukhara Emirate actually existed until 1920. And the Soviet power came here only in 1921. In the month of February. Until that time, there was a province here.
Wilderness province of the Bukhara Emirate. The age-old order was destroyed. The power of khans, beks and emirs,
which held together all representatives of the most diverse peoples, collapsed. Lenin promised the peoples the right to self-determination. Later in Moscow they changed their minds
and all were joined to the Union. Without asking too much. But from the very beginning, the councils tried
to shape nation states out of a motley patchwork quilt of mixed nations. And they had to cut it alive. Letters of complaints were poured into Moscow,
and a covert struggle unfolded in the localities. Although the final decision was still made by Stalin alone. In 70 years, this silly division will backfire
with interethnic conflicts, which do not subside until now throughout the post-Soviet space. The last time blood was shed on the border of Tajikistan
and Kyrgyzstan was in the spring of 2021. But 100 years ago, they naturally did not think about it. – Tajiks were the only intelligentsia, the only people
with intelligentsia that stubbornly resisted the creation of Tajikistan. A significant part of the Tajik-speaking intelligentsia
was involved in the idea of ​​creating a Great Muslim State, which could resist the European powers on an equal footing. Since most of the Muslims in Central Asia were Turks,
Tajiks were standing out. This intelligentsia is in order to preserve this unity. This is a great Muslim project. They in every possible way began to deny
the existence of nationality, primarily Tajiks. And they started playing. In 1924, Tajikistan
as an autonomy was included in the Uzbek SSR. It will be possible to secede only in 1929. But the cradle of Tajik culture – Samarkand
and Bukhara – went to Uzbekistan. Although the majority of the population in these
centers of civilization were ethnic Tajiks. And the Tajiks got the province of the Emirate. Most of which were mountains. And the kishlak, Dushanbe, became the capital of the new state. More precisely, Dyushanbe. Then it was written with “yu”. It translates as “Monday”. On Mondays,
a bazaar was held in this village. In 1929, the capital of the young republic was renamed Stalinabad. “Listen to me, your judge only knows the old law.
But the old law is buried now. In the name of the revolution, he is no longer a judge over you.
You yourself will judge your oppressors! Under the new laws! According to the laws of Soviet power!” – For centuries it has been that there is a master, that he needs
to be respected, he needs to get everything, people need give him all, and as you understand, as the researchers wrote once, that in Eastern Bukhara only the air is not taxed. During the 20 years of Soviet power, 1,500 schools were built here. This is before the war. More than 100 industrial enterprises were built. More than 400 hospitals and health posts have been built. You asked, what were the downsides.
And I don’t see any downsides. Only the pluses. Because civilization has come. Because it was on the blades of the Red Army
that civilization came here. True, not everyone was happy with the arrival of Soviet power. According to various sources,
about 200 thousand people fled to Afghanistan. The Soviets not only destroyed masters and freed slaves,
they denied religion, did not respect traditions. The brave Red Army men rolled hand-rolled cigarettes
from the pages of Holy Scripture, and set up stables in mosques. – First of all, everyone burned down the library,
the works of our compatriots, who were mainly in Arabic. They did not realize that, for example, it was the works of Avicenna
or another specialist in the field of exact science or astrophysics. Our ancestors were engaged in these matters. Do you understand? And they were generally recognized scientists. But the alphabet was like that, and they thought it was all connected with Islam,
Muhammad and other prophets, they burned it, do you understand? – There have been excesses. But the fact that the first revolutionary committees
were headed by mullahs is undeniable. 99% of the population was illiterate. People couldn’t read at all. And only people of clergy could read. And the first revolutionary committees were headed by mullahs. Another
thing is that already in 1925, when the struggle against Basmachism began, when these offensives began and so on. They were removed. Many of them were repressed. The Soviet regime destroyed the bygone world to its foundations. The Tajiks, like other peoples of Central Asia, had their alphabet changed. First, instead of the Arabic script, they introduced
the Latin alphabet, and then changed it to the Cyrillic alphabet. And the main symbol of the old order
was solemnly burned on March 8, 1927. On International Women’s Day in Tajik and Uzbek cities,
women took off their burqa and threw it into the fire. – Of course they resisted. What man wants to free his woman? You know this very well. Naturally, the more a woman will be shy and sitting at home, the better it was for men. The campaign to emancipate women – khujum, offensive,
began with underground women’s clubs disguised as shops. Here women were told about freedom, equality, education. That it was not necessary to get married at the age of 12. That they can study, work, though they had to
pay for emancipation in blood. Literally. – What’s that?
– A primer. I lead an educational program, I work among women.
– Probably not everyone likes it. Sister, what if they kill you? – No, they won’t kill everyone. Others will come, like you.
– Sada, where are you? – Here in Garm, for example, were the first
women teachers who were hanged. One of them really escaped and remained alive. – Yes, my great-grandmother on my father’s side was
just a revolutionary in general, and I was just talking to my father, it was most affected by the events of the war. Because my great-grandmother always fought for secular Tajikistan. She took off her burqa, she was the first to take off her burqa. She went to work. Because of this, her children
were mercilessly taken away from her. Which she then returned. She got married a second time. If the Bolsheviks fought with the burqa as a symbol of oppression
of women, now Muslim headscarves for the Tajik authorities have become a sign of religious extremism. The essence has not changed, husbands demand
that women wear headscarves, the authorities prohibit this. The country carries out raids against hijabs from time to time. Women dressed in accordance with Sharia law are detained,
forced to take off their headscarves and hold explanatory talks. Restrictions on the wearing of hijabs began to be introduced back in 2007. – Now you understand, all the same, the Islamic faith
has an impact on clothing, even in the first place. Because according to Sharia law, you know that a woman
should not expose her body parts, only a face, and then, in front of a stranger, she must cover it too. Well, of course, now we began to have a little different attitude, if in Soviet times we had a very international city, there were a lot of different nationalities, but now it has changed. – Someone is covered, someone…
– Someone has red hair.
– Someone wears shorts, it depends on the environment. And where you live. If this is the city center, no problem. If you drive
a little further than the center, that’s a disaster. But then, at the beginning of the 20th century, in just a few years, the life
of Central Asia changed as it has not changed in recent centuries. Everything turned upside down. Meek wives became revolutionaries, yesterday’s
mullahs headed the revolutionary committees, the remained masters and khans were somewhere in a foreign land. Adults and children breathed out the name of the new idol in awe. “- And this is Vladimir Ilyich Lenin.
– Le-e-eni-i-in! Vla-di-im-ir! I-ily-ich!” – A monument to Vladimir Ilyich Lenin was brought to Dyushanbe.
This is, in fact, the first monument to Lenin in Dyushanbe. And surprisingly, hundreds of others
were destroyed, but the first one survived. And it is still kept in the art fund.
This is an amazing story in general. How it was brought here, with battles, the Basmanchi
knew perfectly well that they were bringing a red idol. And the task was set to destroy. And how many Red Army men, risking their lives,
died in order for this monument to be saved, and taken to Dushanbe. This Lenin is gathering dust in the backyard of the
art fund next to other artifacts of that era. Before his eyes, out of nowhere, a whole country appeared,
which was conceived as a national one, but it turned out to be one of the most international
republics in the entire Union. The house in which I lived is a model of the Soviet Union. Look, we, Russians, Ossetians and other explosive mixture lived there. The Dzugaevs, Ossetians lived directly,
Pana lived here, a Polish woman, here lived Greeks with Tajiks, here Belarusians and Uzbeks. Russians lived here. Bukhara people lived here, Belarusians lived there. Germans lived there, Koreans lived there. And other nations. In general, a completely international country. “Let’s ask. What is your nationality? – An Uzbek woman.
– And you?
– Tajik. – And you?
– Russian. – Who are you?
– Tajik.
– Ukrainian. – And you?
– Russian. – And you?
– Russian. – German. I saw how in the early 90s all these people packed containers and left. But only after moving to Russia and growing up, I began to think, how
did it bring us, representatives of such different nationalities and cultures to the distant Soviet outskirts? – Oh, I’ll tell you now. Come on. Sheikh of the East. Favorite of Nicholas II.
Favorite of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. Governor of the Samarkand region. This man is generally a legend. An awesome person. In 1936-37 he was subjected to repressions,
he was sitting here in a Stalinabad prison, and he is the founder of the Institute of the History of Tajikistan. Thousands of people who felt that repression was about to touch them, they came here to Tajikistan, and many were even sent here like that. Please go there and work. It even happened, you know, I think it was some kind of tacit agreement, you go to the outskirts of the country to raise the economy,
but we do not touch you. Why in Tajikistan everyone speaks perfectly,
those Russians who were Tajiks in Soviet times, they always spoke good Russian. Perfect Russian. If you walk around here, there are thousands of noble families. People with blue blood who were just hiding here in Tajikistan. There are a lot of people who were exiled here. And these were the best people. In general, I always say that the best people
of the country came to Tajikistan. These are, of course, the White Army, these
are adventurers, these are the Communists, it is the best people of the Russian nation. Do you understand? And here they are,
one and a half million people. – The city of Taboshar was founded in 1937, with the help of Russia. As far as I know, this city was in the supply of Moscow. “An asphalt road has been laid among the mountain spurs. It leads to the city of Taboshar.” – The Germans especially lived in this city. Germans and Russians. The Germans who were in captivity were prisoners,
there was a prisoner camp here. They built these two-story stone houses. Schools, hospitals, events, institutions, this city was especially created by the Germans. And the nickname of our city was little Switzerland. Earlier, when in Union time they called it little Switzerland. In the place of this little Switzerland, there was
a small Tajik village. For 40 people in total. In 1925, to the joyful shouts of geologists, “Commander, the dosimeter is off scale!”
the largest uranium deposit in Central Asia was discovered here. In 1945, raw materials for the first atomic bomb were mined
here at a shock rate even for that time. We had to hurry, because the Americans already had it. “3, 2, 1… Go!” Uranium for the first Soviet atomic bomb was mined here
in Taboshar not only by geologists, atomic scientists and miners, repressed prisoners of war, migrants and prisoners worked in open mines. And also simple Tajik donkeys. By the way, at that moment one of the heads of the enterprise
even had an idea to erect a monument to a simple Tajik donkey. After all, the Soviet nuclear industry
was pulled forward on its hump. The young republic was already
inscribed in the planned economy. Not only ore was expected from Tajikistan, but also cotton. The Soviet Union wanted to stop importing it as soon as possible. In order to fulfill the instructions of the party and the government as soon as possible,
400 thousand people were resettled to develop arable land in Tajikistan. But there were not enough of them either. Enemies of the country were sent to save the people. “We were transported to Tajikistan in freight cars.
We didn’t even know where they were taking us. Upon arrival in Tajikistan, we were sent
to agricultural work in the Vakhsh valley: no trees, no bushes, only the dry grass and terrible summer heat. There was no housing. They made huts out of reeds and lived in them. Water for drinking was taken from the ditch,
where there were midges, mosquitoes and all sorts of creatures. Food: the bread is neither gray nor black,
a brew that is fed to pigs in Russia. Someone was buried every day. The special control was especially a problem. Free travel
to Stalinabad was prohibited, allowed on request in special cases.” The constructed infrastructure will allow Tajikistan to produce
more than 10% of all cotton in the Soviet Union. The repressed and deported were taken to Tajikistan. The repressed and deported were taken to Tajikistan. Over the years of great terror, more than
20 thousand Tajiks were repressed. Someone was sent to Kolyma, someone was shot at Lubyanka. And someone right on spot. Nobody counted the unnamed graves of those
times in the cemeteries in Dushanbe. “Today at 4 o’clock in the morning without
any declaration of war…” It must have been a strange feeling. Your country has been attacked, there is a war going on. And it goes on in those lands, the existence
of which the majority of Tajiks did not even suspect. And this country has only been yours for 20 years. 300 thousand Tajiks will go to defend this country. And to Tajikistan itself will be sent echelons
with evacuees and wounded. The majority did not really know about Tajikistan either. – The most seriously injured are burned tankers,
these were people with very terrible injuries, they were driven deep into the rear and underwent treatment here. They lay in hospitals for months. 50% of these
people then did not go to the front. And just during the Great Patriotic War here in Dushanbe more than 80 thousand people were treated. More than 100 thousand were evacuated here. If on January 1, 1941, 60 thousand lived here,
then already on January 1, 1945 more than 150 thousand people lived here in Dushanbe. From the memoirs of Inna Naumova, whose
family was evacuated to Tajikistan. “We are being accommodated with these complete
strangers who, in addition, do not know the Russian language, they do not know what war is, who is fighting with whom,
they are all completely far away. And suddenly a white woman and two children are settled there.
My mom was a blonde with blue eyes. We were completely strangers to them, who
we were and why they needed was incomprehensible. However, we lived with them without
any conflicts, without a single bad word. They cook for themselves and brought us food too” The city was threatened with the spread
of typhoid and other diseases. 10-15 people lived in apartments. Now this is how migrants from Tajikistan live in Moscow. And then it was Russians in the houses of Tajiks. To avoid an epidemic, the baths of Stalinabad were
transferred to work around the clock. In special points, people were checked for lice. Literally. “All citizens who come to the city of Stalinabad are obliged
to undergo sanitization at the city bath number 2. Moreover, without a certificate of sanitation, they are prohibited
from staying in hotels, teahouses, hostels, and private apartments.” 30 industrial enterprises from all over the Union
were evacuated to Tajikistan. Light industry, food, mechanical engineering, defense industry. The machines were unloaded from trains and installed in the open air. Weaving factories sewed military uniforms and parachutes,
mechanical factories produced grenades. Canned food was made from fruits and vegetables. Everyone was sent to the front. – War, of course, is a terrible grief. But for Tajikistan, this has become a scientific
and technological progress. Dozens of new enterprises were built during the war years. New educational institutions were opened,
hundreds of professors arrived. Hundreds of teachers. Some of the students came from Lviv. The city produced, rehearsed performances and made films. Two film studios were evacuated to Stalinabad. Soyuzdetfilm and Odessa Film Studio. Stars lived here, for example, Faina Ranevskaya. They moved here 17 theaters from all over the Union. In the House of the Dekhkanin, where the theater was already located,
Yevgeny Schwarz will read his play “To Kill the Dragon” for the first time. A year later, the play will be banned in Moscow.
Viewers will see it only in 1988. “I began to envy the slaves. They know everything in advance. They have strong beliefs. Probably because they have no choice.” The Dekhkanin’s House is generally
the very first house built in Tajikistan. It was erected back in 1929, when
Dushanbe was essentially a village. It was here that the declaration
on the creation of the Tajik SSR was read out. The symbol of Soviet Tajikistan and independence
will be demolished in 2016. The Mayakovsky Theater members will end up in the street. For us, the loss of this building is a very
big loss for the history of the city. Well, they could have demolished something else, but this building
had to be preserved as a memory. As the first building built during the Soviet era. On the site of the first Soviet building, Chinese
builders are erecting another government palace. Friends, this is Evgeny Feldman, last year he and I recorded a video on the eve of the US elections, and now we are releasing a new merch together. Zhenya is a cool freelance photographer and photojournalist, in 2017, he filmed the entire pre-election tour of Alexei Navalny. By the way, it was he who made those very photographs of Navalny,
doused with brilliant green and having dinner with a little pot. Zhenya also filmed the events on the Maidan in 2013,
the Moscow protests in 2019, and in 2016 he filmed the race in the United States. From these materials, Zhenya got a whole book
“Super Tuesday and other days of the week”. Everything is there, both the ordinary life of Americans and the speeches
of the main presidential candidates Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton. In general, Evgeny is interested in the topic
of our and American elections, that’s why the merch turned out to be thematic. Well, Zhenya will tell you the best about it. Well, yes, it just so happened that I became interested
in an American political poster, and at the same time filmed a lot of Russian politics
in the form in which it takes place. And for many years, the idea was ripening inside me
to combine these two aesthetics, two moods, and that’s why we got such posters, and from them then T-shirts. With the inscription “no hope”. If you remember, Obama had the famous Hope posters. And we have a little bit differently. And so far there are two such prints with a judge and a policeman. The idea, in my opinion, is interesting, relevant, Zhenya
and I are planning to do even more collaborations, and these T-shirts turned out to be very cool,
you can order them right now in my store, as usual there is a link in the description, friends,
so we go through and order such amazing T-shirts, cool fabric as usual, cool prints that are not afraid
of washing will delight you and your friends for a long time. So order while it’s still in stock. A good thing doesn’t last long. For the current government, the legacy of Soviet
power is more of a hindrance than a memory. Ones see this as the greed of developers connected with the president, others – his desire to get rid of the material
evidence of the former empire. Iconic buildings and monuments disappear from the face of the city. Post office, Green Theater, stele with the emblem of the Tajik SSR. Everything is destroyed, no matter how indignant
the residents of Dushanbe may be. According to rumors, the famous Rakhat
teahouse is also living out its last days. – Here, this is Huseynzade street, it used to be Kirov street. And here in this three-story… there were two three-story houses,
in one he lived in the 40s, 50s, somewhere in that period Voinovich. These were very historic houses, they
were Stalinist houses, they were very cozy, they could be restored. You see, they were taken down,
and they built such a colossus. – These buildings, look, here you see this skyscraper, it doesn’t belong here, and this building doesn’t belong here. Understand? We are losing it, we do not see the mountains. We do not see mountains. And what was Dushanbe famous for before? The fact that
from anywhere in the old city one could see the snow-white peaks. – Everything has changed, the whole architecture is old, plane
trees were removed in some places, this was very painful for me, because plane trees are a symbol of Tajikistan, and why plane trees, if you rise over Dushanbe, you see how green it is,
there are so many plants, plane trees envelop you from the sun, even in the brightest
heat, at 12 noon, when the sun is at its zenith, you could walk along these alleys and you weren’t hot.
Because these plane trees covered you with their might. Which I miss madly. My mother moved to Dushanbe in the early 70s. Golden time for Tajikistan. Here was all the best that the Soviet Union gave. Education, medicine, confidence in the future. Plus a great climate and fresh fruit all year round. Yes, from distant Moscow they decided what
to sow and when to harvest. What to believe and what not. To build factories or block rivers. But the Kremlin could not see the petty liberties. “In our region, people could afford a small informal income. And all the authorities looked at this as ordinary things. While in Russia it was looked at more strictly. For example, here is the Garm region, which
was famous for its apples, they were mostly engaged in trade and exported their products to Russia, Uzbekistan, and other countries, and thus earned a little more than an ordinary Soviet person. In 20 years, abundance will be replaced by hunger. And friendship and tolerance by fratricide. And the reasons for this were laid down
precisely in those golden years. The Kremlin staked on immigrants from the Leninabad region. By the 70s, for example, all key posts were in the hands
of representatives of this region. The division into regions is stronger here than into clans. Compatriots and homeland region got everything. Representatives of other regions, Badakhshan, Kulyab
and Garm, were naturally unhappy. On the whole, Moscow was satisfied with the local imbalance,
which was more or less balanced only by the central government. – And by the end of the 70s, the beginning of the 80s,
four main nomenclature groupings were formed. All key positions in the state administration apparatus,
in the party apparatus, in the field of economics, finance, everything was controlled mainly by Leninabadians. Badakhshani – there were most of them in the Ministry
of Internal Affairs and the Academy of Sciences. The people of Kulyab also fought together with
the Badakhshans for key positions in the Ministry of Internal Affairs. And the people of Garm were in trade and mainly
controlled the so-called shadow trade. That is, these are the main four nomenclature groupings, already in the early 80s they actively fought with each other. The first riots in February 1990. Rumors spread throughout the city
that the Armenian refugees, they came after the earthquake, will be given apartments. The locals have been queuing up for years. Then these events will be called a provocation. The slogan “Down with Armenians” will immediately
be replaced by “Down with Makhkamov.” This is the first president of the Tajik SSR. On March 17, 1991, a referendum on the preservation
of the USSR was held throughout the country. 96% of residents of Tajikistan voted FOR. There are more supporters of the Union only in Turkmenistan. In August 1991 there was a coup in Moscow. The conspirators were trying to remove President Gorbachev from power. And to keep the Union in its former form at any cost. The President of the Tajik SSR supports the State Emergency Committee. For which he is deprived of his position. September 9 Tajikistan declares independence. Abdumalik Kadyrov admits that the country
was not ready for this. – Well, then it happens, independence falls on us from the sky. We have not conquered it. Our independence
fell from above. We were given it. And we didn’t want to take it. We were comfortable in the Soviet Union. Under the Soviet Union. Because yes, there is a master who tells what to do. For ordinary people, this was also normal, because if the
local leadership did not listen, one could complain there to Moscow. And you could find these councils. Who are you going to complain to now?
There is no one now. Only God. But God, of course, hears, but does not always take action. On November 24 there were the first elections. The fight was between two candidates. Rahmon Nabiyev was nominated by the ruling communist party. He was supported by the Leninabad region and Kulyab. Opposition candidate was a director Dovlat Khudonazarov. A native of the Pamirs. Nabiev gained 52% of the vote. Khudonazarov – 30%. After the victory, the ruling party decides not
to make concessions to the opposition. On the contrary, suppress those who disagree. – They began to oppress the opposition, but instead,
they brought them together even more. The parties that did not like each other very much
are the Islamists and Democrats. To understand where the Islamists came from in
an essentially Soviet country, one must return to this Soviet past. Despite religious persecution and repression, the communists
did not succeed in turning Tajiks into atheists. – Islam was driven underground, but survived. In Tajikistan, the traditional structure of society has been preserved. And Islam went there. And accordingly, down there it survived in the form
of some kind of semi-underground schools, where a lot of people studied, in one school, they later calculated that in 20-30 years,
there were about 5,000 students. Even the local KGB knew about religion underground. But they did nothing. The persecution began only in the mid-1980s
at the direction of Moscow. The effect turned out to be the opposite. New followers joined this movement. For example, shadow business. As a result, the Islamic Renaissance Party will prove
to be a serious force in the struggle for power and the forthcoming civil war. – Yes, the Islamic Party was the most organized
and largest opposition force. But the intelligentsia then gathered around the Rastokhez
movement, around the Democratic Party of Shodmon Yusuf, just before the start of the civil war, there was not so
much a merger, but a collaboration between the Islamic party and by the same Democratic Party of Shodmon Yusuf. And yet the opposition united and brought people to the square. They demanded equal access to power,
fair elections and democratic change. – Due to the fact that Moscow didn’t give any instructions
and the KGB was de facto still subordinate to Moscow, that is, the KGB was paralyzed, the Ministry of Internal Affairs was
completely parasitized, because it was divided into Badakhshan and Kulyab. Meanwhile, this crowd of people came out,
everything was heating up, people were not controlled. President Nabiyev also decided to take people out into the street. From now on, Ozodi Square stood opposite Shahidon Square. – You see, I had an office not far from
the Ministry of Health back then, and every day during lunchtime my friends came to our office
from both this square and this one. They came, and we sat at one dastarkhan. They ate pilaf, and then they each went to their own areas. Do you understand? Yes, they rallied for their ideologies. But they were not at enmity with each other. And then,
when the first clashes occurred, the first blood began to flow, then my friends had already stopped coming to my office. Because they already began to be afraid of each other. – And this whole situation was heating up, and provocations started, which means that a grenade was dropped
on Ozodi Square, and then they caught these people who were sitting in cars, it turned out that four KGB officers were
sitting in the shepherds in this car. Led by Belousov, deputy chief of the head of the KGB of Tajikistan. When the first military events began, no one could have imagined
that this was serious, and in general what was happening. I remember that no one was allowed to leave
the house, adults did not go to work, then we were not allowed to go to kindergarten, school, everyone sat together, all the neighbors gathered
at one place, now at another. They constantly cooked for the common table,
and the men took the basins in which the women cooked jam, flattened them, attached handles to them, made shields
out of them, armed themselves with some kind of sticks, ladles, and went on patrol. They went around the whole house,
I don’t know what it could save from, it was not a joke, but then they did not take this danger directly seriously. And this is how I remember the beginning of the civil war. Food, men who walk with these basins, with some kind of sticks, we all stay at home and we all go to visit each other. And then no one could have imagined that this was the beginning
of one of the bloodiest wars on the territory of the post-Soviet space. New nicknames appeared in everyday life: “vovchiks”,
from the word Wahhabite, violent Islamists. Further, this term began to be used for all participants
in the united Tajik opposition. And “yurchiks”, by the name of General Secretary Yuri Andropov. These are followers of the communist ideology
and the current government. Among them there are many people from authorities. Their slogan is “no democracy, no Islam.” “Long live the Soviet Union.” A coalition government is being formed in Dushanbe,
in which some of the posts are given to the opposition. But there will be no more reconciliation. Blood spilled. Kulyab supporters of the incumbent president leave for their home. – They put a blockade on him, it was a very stupid decision,
the so-called “ring on the government.” Because it only mobilized the people of Kulyab. Emomali Rakhmonov was then a deputy of the parliament,
the Supreme Soviet from Kulyab. At that time, he left Dushanbe for his own region
and there he also started organizing the so-called resistance. There were self-defense squads, he was one of the active members. In September 1992, Tajikistan was left without a president. He was forced to resign. Without a prime minister, also resignation. And without a prosecutor, they shot him right on the street. Fierce battles are taking place in different parts of the country. In these historical frames, Emomali Rakhmonov
(then his surname was still written with a Russian suffix) becomes the chairman of the Supreme Council. The presidential form of government has been suspended. The meeting is attended by representatives
of the opposition who recognize the elections. Rakhmonov is supported by Russia and Uzbekistan. From the rostrum, he asks the CIS countries
to bring in peacekeeping forces. “[inaudible] the leadership of the Republic of Tajikistan,
oblast, for help, as in previous years, as well as a hundred years ago, representatives of the collective peacekeeping forces of Russia came. ” “The earth is cracking here from the heat,
and there are first frosts at home, here the white cotton fields remind of birches, Tajikistan, Tajikistan, because of you I left my home, Tajikistan, Tajikistan, why are they shooting us in the back. ” But the end of the war is still far away. Thousands of killed,
caravans of refugees stretched along the roads. – I went to Dushanbe, there they killed our brother,
killed people in Dushanbe. Yes, the Pamir Tajiks, the Garmans, they were killed. Well, we took the bodies and came back. We took their bodies and came here. We took all the refugees, came here and closed the
road so that they would not enter Badakhshan. – In the Pamirs, famine began already in January 1993. They somehow lived through December 1992,
but in 1993 the famine began. That is, the bread was already divided into small pieces. They didn’t eat bread as they wanted, and this feeling of hunger, especially
among children, lasted for a very long time, for a long time it was felt. It feels like… Sugar was a delicacy. Something out of the ordinary. There was no bread. They were already distributed in pieces.. One of the Russian journalists in front of me asked
the child, “what would you like to get?” Candy or flour?” He said flour. Allah Akbar! Allah Akbar! The siege of mountain Badakhshan will last until 1997. Communication with Dushanbe will be completely cut off for 5 years. Hunger, violence and brutality were all over the country. People have long ceased to make out who is right and who is wrong. – Well, it used to happen for weeks, yes, to the store,
elementary to the store, even we could not walk to the store. People had to stock up. – The light, the gas was turned off, right?
– Yeah in 1994 or later. But with the light there was already a problem, with food,
of course, there was no more food left in the stores. – The shelves were empty, huh?
– Yes. There were no supplies. – These lines for bread.
– The queues were very long, even
at the bakery, which queues were huge. – I remember that from the night they occupied this line.
– Yes, from the very night, yes. The future Eurovision participant from Russia
and the face of post-Soviet feminism Manizha moved with her family from war-torn Tajikistan in 1994. The escape became inevitable after a shell hit her house. – They told me all sorts of things, about the curfew,
how my mother carried me in her arms to the airport to fly away, she actually ran because there were no vehicles. How my father was carrying me in his arms and
we were stopped and people held a machine gun in front of my face, you ask why, because they could. Because they stopped everyone. Everyone was provoked. They killed without asking. They also told how bullets hit houses, apartments,
how people hid, lay down on the ground, so that God forbid the bullets hit them, their children. We got used to war, the war continued,
and it became commonplace. Explosions that came from somewhere, very close, automatic fires right from under your windows,
and we children had no fear at all, we ran around the yards and collected the shells. That is, children in Russia collected gum stickers
and stamps, and we collected cartridges. We changed them, we played them, then I had
to leave all my wealth when we moved, I did not understand at all how you can leave so many treasures, among which were actually live cartridges
of a Kalashnikov assault rifle. I wanted to understand the war in which I collected
cartridges at the age of 10. But this is impossible to understand. In war, there are no right or wrong. There are only victims. The truth is banal. But it is precisely this that must be accepted. Each district has its own stories about how people
were killed, raped, tortured, burned. How people were dying of hunger. But no matter how you tell the story of this war,
you will still be accused of bias. It turned out that if you divide the country in half and set some people
against others, the most peaceful people cease to be people. The peace treaty in 1997 will be signed in the Kremlin. Emomali Rahmon and the leaders of the united opposition
will put their signatures on the document. – The opposition won 30% of seats. General amnesty
for those people who participated in hostilities from the opposition. Return of refugees, integration of the armed forces,
opposition parties dissolve their formations, and in response, the Tajik parliament is raising a law
to authorize the activities of religious parties in Tajikistan. That is, it legalizes the opposition. On these terms, they agreed. But despite this, they will shoot, blow up and kill
in Tajikistan for several more years. And the opposition will not last long. – This bastard killed him, and we need to deal with him. Everybody in Tajikistan have brothers who were killed. Each has a family, two, three people were killed. War is tough. Because of all the conflicts. I also thank the President for the fact that he is building houses here,
this is building, there are many things to do, there are many problems, they may not say at all. We have a president, a constitution,
and that’s it, we have nothing against him. The people know what the power structures are doing here. In that war, from 60 to 150 thousand people died. More than a million have left their homes. But no one will ever count the number of shattered lives,
childhood traumas and shattered hopes. Mom and I were among the last to leave. We accompanied all our friends, some to Germany,
some to Israel, some to America, some to France, and then packed up and left for Russia. Here we were Russians. There we turned out to be “black *sses”. Our own among strangers, strangers among our own. This was the fate of almost all refugees from the post-Soviet space. – Okay, I was 10 and a half years old, although this is the deepest trauma,
but my mother, who left her life there. And this is a huge tragedy, and just moved to nowhere. “That’s what I’m talking about. What is war? This is when
the first thing, you lose everything that you had. Your usual life, your status, your dreams. After all, then our parents lost everything.
They have lost the most important thing, their dreams. They had their own plans. They were young,
bright, talented, successful, inspired to live. And then they had to survive. When you have two higher educations, when you are a beauty,
when you were a designer in Tajikistan, I’m talking about my mom, and you have to be a cleaner,
you have to work in the market, cook food and sell it, we didn’t even have refugee status. Then there was already a certain simplification that those citizens
of the former fraternal peoples could somehow get citizenship, but we have received it for many years. I have been stateless for half my life. Well, in the kindergarten, a girl called me “black *ss”. Not knowing what it means. The teacher in the kindergarten
was angry why Tajiks came and to these kindergartens. And so on and so forth. Therefore, she was silent and allowed this girl to insult me. In front of everyone. And in front of her as well. The love of the fraternal republics after the collapse
of the family really underwent a serious test. Now, after so many years, I want to understand
why xenophobia and nationalism suddenly flourished there, where love for other nations was preached yesterday. – Well, because everyone went through a lot of serious stress. Not only us, Tajiks, who found ourselves in the middle of the war, everyone lost their understanding of what to do next. Tajikistan also collected itself piece by piece. The first to restore was agriculture. They were engaged in agriculture here before the Soviet regime
and will always be engaged in it. – Now green, not to be seen, but when it turns yellow,
leaves are not to be seen, everything is lemon. The tastiest and most expensive lemons, which for
some reason are called Uzbek in Moscow, are actually Tajik. The fact is that lemons came to the Soviet Union in 1935. Then only five seedlings were brought to the Vakhsh valley. This is Tajikistan. And all the lemons of Central Asia,
all the countries of Central Asia that we eat now, these are the descendants of those very trees. But at that time, Tajikistan was still in first place
in the Soviet Union for the supply of lemons. It was such a national product and a visiting card. Now they are green, but in just a couple of months
they will be yellow, with a thin crust, and such a unique aroma. The most interesting thing, of course,
is that initially these lemons were brought by the American researcher Mayer. This variety was named by his last name.
He brought these lemons from China. But now it is a visiting card of Tajikistan. Lemons in Tajikistan are planted in trenches
one and a half meters deep. The earth warmed up over a long summer works
as a heater throughout the winter. You just need to cover the top with a film. Abdurahim Takhirov misses Soviet times.
But as for collective farms – not really. – It was fine. We are not complaining, these were
normal Soviet times, it was very good. Now we have become our own farmers,
everything has become our own. The collective farm was before,
but now it is private. This is very good. – Where are your lemons sent?
– Mostly to Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan. But if agriculture somehow survives, then industry
died along with the Union. – In essence, it was mainly a subsidized country. But at the same time, we had production related
to the functioning of closed paramilitary institutions. Uranus, let’s say. Or gold. Or, in fact, this whole periodic
table, it is known that we have a place. And they were directly under the auspices
of centralized government structures. They had nothing to do with Tajikistan. Do you understand? This is the first thing. After Uzbekistan, we were in the second place
as far as cotton production. There was almost no production here, but if there was, they constituted
the private infrastructure of Soviet production and the economy. And after the collapse of the USSR, in this regard, many
enterprises and the real sector of the economy automatically stopped. Oil production, for example, has declined 20 times since Soviet times. And gas production dropped to 0. The oil fields near Pyanj look like Star Wars sets. Although the locals still manage to squeeze a drop of black
gold out of the Soviet past on a private illegal basis. Here they are, fragments of a nuclear power. The union collapsed, and Tajikistan inherited one
of the world’s largest radioactive waste dumps. There are five tailing dumps around Taboshar alone,
and these are tens of millions of tons of uranium waste. There is still radiation here. Despite the fact that all secrecy has been removed from the city,
people here speak with caution about uranium and radiation. – His mother and my mother, they were
the ones who dealt with ore. One pressed this ore, and the other checked it.
My mom was controlling it. – What ore?
– Well, what they brought, probably, uranium. Uranium mostly. When my husband was born, he had a stain on his eye. Most likely it was something like that, because of radiation, because my husband died of cancer at the age of 47. I’m looking for mushrooms every year here. – Are you sure you can eat mushrooms from here? – You know..
– We eat. – We are already accustomed to uranium from birth,
I come to Russia, my head hurts, but here it is more or less okay. – Let’s go. Follow me. This is a large building, it still remains from those times. Here they had a canteen type and had a checkpoint. Now we will go further, there was a processing plant there. But they were already enriching in the Union, so he worked
here somewhere until 1975, and then he left for production. When the plant was born here, Zarya-Vostok, people came here from Russia to work, there were specialists,
mostly specialists from Moscow, they were from Sverdlovsk, from Perm. But when the Union had already collapsed, there was
no longer the owner, as it were, here. The Russians left, 1992, 1993, it was a boom,
people were leaving here. Who sent the container, who just left. We left for Perm. But they had somewhere to go. – We were at the subbotnik. No one is alive anymore. Zarina Bobrikova had nowhere to go. She was born in Ossetia, brought up in
a boarding school. In Stalin’s times, her mother was put in prison. – I came here and I got a job in Tajikzoloto. We mined gold and silver. I worked there for 19 years. I told the direction where they should go. I was a navigator for underground tracks. The security was good. We didn’t lack anything. Both meat and sausages, we had all sorts of different varieties. From caviar to sausage, everything was here.
Dairy products, everything was there. And then, when it fell apart, everything disappeared. Bread was given to us at 110 grams per person. Tajikzoloto, I’ll tell you now, in 1990 everything was dismantled. Now there are 28 gold deposits in Tajikistan. Explored reserves – 450 tons, of which only 200 are confirmed. Gold export revenue last year was $690 million. This is half of the country’s total exports. In Soviet times, Moscow took gold and other ore. And even now, only crumbs remain from the income
from the sale of precious metals in the country. Up to 80% of the deposits through joint
ventures belong to China. – I have a blue dream. So that someone from Russia would send me 200 thousand,
to distribute a thousand to Russian-speakers. Here is a pension, you have already been told how long it is here. One and a half thousand rubles. They worked in the mine for 35 years. This is their pension, the largest is 2 thousand rubles. The minimum pension in Tajikistan is 207 somoni, which is 1,329 rubles. Average one is 301 somoni. This is 1933 rubles. In fact, in the Soviet years, Tajikistan also trailed
in the last lines of the ratings in terms of living standards. But in the memories of those times are the most well-fed. – Many are nostalgic for the Soviet Union. Although everyone was equally poor, people are still nostalgic. Why? Because people are not nostalgic for that politics,
people are nostalgic for the order that existed. Mukhamad Odinaev does not yearn for the USSR. When the empire collapsed, he was only 4 years old. But he and his family now depend on Moscow more
than Soviet Tajikistan once did on the center. Mukhamad is one of a million labor migrants
who travel to Russia to work. And one of the tens of thousands who are stuck at home
due to the pandemic and cannot return to Moscow. More than 1 million migrants from Tajikistan work in Russia. And this is almost every 9th resident of the country. Due to the pandemic, the number of migrants
has decreased by about 30%. Planting a vegetable garden is something Muhhammad hasn’t been doing
in a long time. For the past 15 years, he has been living on a schedule. One and a half years in Moscow, one month at home. – Well, we need to dig, we need this to grow, if there is no water,
we buy water for a car, how many tons, five tons, and buy for 140 somoni. Almost enough for a week. Or for five days, if the wife makes
the expense more, maybe for five days. For a week’s supply of water, which is 900 rubles,
a handyman can earn in a day. If you’re lucky enough to find a job at all. In the morning I go to the city and I come in the evening.
If I don’t find a job, then I’ll come home in the evening without money. If I find something, I buy something for the children, that’s it. It can be 100 somoni, sometimes 150 somoni. It can also be 50 somoni. Sometimes we don’t find money at all. Or work. It is really possible to find a permanent job in Dushanbe.
But it is almost impossible to feed a wife and four children on her. In a permanent job, there can be 700 soms per month.
There are 1000 somon, and 1000-700 somon for whom is it enough? Five thousand a ruble. The average salary in Tajikistan is 1400 somoni. This is almost 9,000 rubles. And the minimum is 400 somoni. 2000 rubles. There are people who are small children, and when
the family is small – you can, enough. There are many, of course. Muhammad was lucky, for the last few years he worked
as a salesman at a Prerkrestok supermarket. He lived there in the back room. Compared to flats with a huge amount of people,
the conditions can be said to be gorgeous. I had a working day of 12 hours. One day off in a week. 12 hours at work. I worked almost every day. – And for this you received 40 thousand rubles?
– 45. Well, I left 10 thousand for myself. For road and calls. Not only migrant families, but the whole country
depends on remittances from Russia. In 2019, guest workers transferred $2.5 billion to their homeland. This is almost 30% of Tajikistan’s GDP. In 2020 it was $1.7 billion. A quarter of the GDP. For comparison, the country receives 8 times more
from labor migrants than from foreign investments. Muhammad’s childhood fell on the war, and his youth
on the post-war years, when poverty and devastation were everywhere. It was almost impossible for a boy from the village
to get an education and profession. – When I left for Moscow, I could not even
say things like “hello”, “thank you.” I couldn’t talk there. – Nothing at all?
– I didn’t know anything at all, I wasn’t even taught at school. I could not say a single word in Russian. – Do you remember the war? – I ran here so that the bandits would not kill me. Muhammad did not choose this life, he did not choose
much at all. Even his parents chose his wife for him. But for his children, he wants a different future. – I wanted, if everything had not been closed like that,
I wanted to take the children to Moscow. To go to Moscow. For them to study. The fact that a quarter of able-bodied men have
been forced to go abroad for years for Tajikistan is a latent threat, which can backfire in the most unexpected way. – Many young people who study there at universities or work, contrary to our interests, families and children are left here,
they get married there, do you understand? This is also a threat to national interests. It upsets the balance in terms of sexual relations,
female, male, and so on. Muhammad has hardly seen his children all these years;
a whole generation has grown up without fathers in Tajikistan. Now he is leaving again to look for work so that his children
can have food in the evening. I am telling the story of Muhammad so that it is clear what pushes
Tajik migrants to endure the disenfranchised situation in Russia, work in inhuman conditions and at the same
time constantly face xenophobia. Coronavirus restrictions will be lifted sooner or later
and the flow of migrants will grow again. Russia also depends on these newcomers. – Enough. So, Deleruza, you are in a hurry, you need to read expressively. – The letter R…
– The letter L, and the letter R here, the letter R… – Do not rush. “Beaver”. Do you find it difficult to learn Russian? – Yes.
– Difficult? Raisa Baigina teaches Russian at the only
Russian-language school in Taboshar. And even on vacation she is engaged in tutoring. Sisters Deleruza and Heroda are transferred by their
parents to a Russian school to improve their language. – This year there was a very big outflow. Our secretary Natalya Borisovna says –
oh, so many have dropped out. They leave for Russia. In their place children come from other schools. They even come from Kansai, and it is cold in winter,
they still come here to school for classes. I tell parents, don’t you feel sorry for your children? They stand in the cold while waiting for a bus. “No, they have to learn Russian.” And they do not have teachers of the Russian
language and Russian is not taught there. The Russian language united all the republics
and this is another legacy of the empire that has been preserved. The Russian-speaking population left, Russian schools were closed. And during the war, many children did not go to school at all. Russian lost its state status and remained only
the language of interethnic communication. Now I don’t remember in which article Putin’s speech,
his words about what really is in Tajikistan.. Now if you wait. I will find this article now. So, I put aside this article by Putin. Here. “Russia wants to help Tajikistan revive the Russian language.” Here is this article, I do not know who the author is. Here are the lines – “in the last 20 years, the situation
with the study of the Russian language in our country is not quite optimistic. And among the countries of the post-Soviet space, we occupy almost
the last place in terms of the level of study and use of the Russian language.” Well, that’s right. Farzona, Johna and Farangiz are representatives of that Tajikistan, about which in Russia we know practically nothing. They speak several languages ​​and travel. – I am a pure Tajik, but since childhood, we have never
heard that parents talked in Tajik at home. Because parents grew up during the Soviet Union, I graduated from Russian kindergartens,
a Russian school, a Russian university. Graduated from Moscow State University,
a branch here in Dushanbe. – Well, I had a nanny as a child,
she was also Russian, Aunt Liza. I remember her name, we somehow began to talk to her, she taught me to speak in Russian,
my speech developed with her. Also my Russian is much better than Tajik. That is, in Tajik, I can also say something, but to write an essay like in Russian, I can’t do it. True, modern, educated young people
do not really see their future in Tajikistan. – Well, of course, I just want to go abroad, my parents and relatives support me and want me to study abroad. – We have no wars here, everything is good here,
calm, peaceful, the only thing that is bad is probably the people. – Yes, lack of culture.
– Yes, some bad manners, and the fact that, again, it is impossible to express
oneself, patriotism is highly developed. – A lot of Russian-speaking people flew away from here, they mostly flew to the USA, to Europe. Designer Nafisa Imranova is a Tajik woman who is known
more in Europe and the States than in Russia. Her works make the national Tajik dresses fashionable. – Once you sew it, turn it inside out. Now we sew wedding dresses too. With such a national flavor. Each does their own function, one sews a jacket,
the other sews knitwear and T-shirts. We have time for everything. The team is small, but fast. And here is not the whole team, this is part of the
team that we can hide in the laboratory. Here we prepare a collection, watch how it fits, what can be changed, there are women who make
suzane at home, different embroidery, the patterns that are now introduced into our clothes, can I show? Here is the tambour embroidery, the Pamir embroidery,
the infinity sign, and this infinity pattern. We are making an innovation in Tajik fashion,
because we combine European clothes with national colors. Nafisa is the new generation of Tajikistan. She is the
same age as independence. A business lady. For her, the Soviet years are just one of the many
pages in the history of her country. Here we have a classic suit with a vintage fabric.
Vintage fabric of the 60s, 50s, pure silk like this. I often go to the districts, go to the villages and look
for the types of fabrics that were previously made. There is “Haft Pushty Man” collection – our ancestors
inspired me to create this collection. These are Omar Khayyam, Sino, Aini, Ismoil Somoni, each jeans jacket in a single copy. You can also wear such a traditional costume,
we showed this collection in Paris, in the Louvre. – Wow. – This dress was sewn for about two months and six
craftswomen worked on this dress. This dress weighs about 10 kilograms. Very heavy. These are Kulyab patterns. Tulips are Dushanbe. It is Dushanbe that is famous for its tulips. And also the Kulyab patterns. – It’s really heavy. – Now I’ll show you, Manizha performed at Eurovision with our tsoma. Traditional tsoma in such a modern style. This tsoma
can be worn with any clothing, both classic and casual, these clothes can be worn even over sports clothes. She wore it on the red carpet. And the cover of “Russian Woman”. It was not easy for the main Tajik woman of Russia,
Manizha, to accept her nationality and identity. It was her lot to destroy stereotypes about Tajiks. – I was tempered by all these jokes, all these jokes
over my appearance, over my nationality. All my complexes that were, today blossomed into a
cult of myself, a cult of my identity, a cult of Tajikistan, it is inside my blood. But it took a lot of time, a lot of effort, a lot of unpleasant situations. Even the same situation around Eurovision, she once
again confirmed that you need to get up and walk for sure. And continue what you do, because when your song
is checked by the Investigative Committee, it’s not fun. And you are accused of something there. If at the beginning of this year Tajikistan was recalled
precisely because of Manizha and her performance at Eurovision, but now the attention of the world community is riveted
to the country for another reason. In neighboring Afghanistan, unexpectedly for everyone,
the Taliban came to power. The longest border of Afghanistan is precisely with Tajikistan. 1400 kilometers. Most of it goes along the Pyanj River. Afghanistan on the right bank, Tajikistan on the left. The Pamir Highway appeared in 1940. This is another
heroic act of the Soviet people. The 567-kilometer track was built in 104 days, 5 kilometers a day. The construction involved 30 thousand people. Now the road is broken up almost to its original state. Once the inhabitants of the Pamirs – the mountainous
Badakhshans lived on both sides of the river, but with the advent of Soviet power, it was forbidden to cross the Pyanj. Whole families were separated by an impregnable river. Even now it seems that Tajikistan and Afghanistan
are separated not just by a river, but at least 100 years. On the Afghan side, it is almost medieval. And in Tajik, the Soviet legacy is somehow supported. In the Pamirs, the issue of education with the advent
of Soviet power – very much attention was paid to it. Even if I’m not mistaken, our region was almost in second
place in the number of graduates with higher education in the Soviet Union. Now there is a tendency for our young generation
to study English at school. Now our children, grandchildren, some of them are fluent in languages. Khorog is the main city of the Tajik Pamir. Russian power came here at the end of the 19th century,
when the Pamirs were divided into three parts. The first part went to Afghanistan, it was the British zone of influence. The second part – the Russian Empire, and the third
was given to the Bukhara Emirate controlled by the Russians. Soviet power came here at the end of the 20s of the 20th century. Therefore, it was necessary to carry out
decommunization from the very peaks. The Peak of the Revolution was
renamed the Peak of Independence. Lenin Peak was renamed and bears the name of Abu Ali Ibn-Sina. And the Peak of Communism, once the Peak of Stalin,
is now called the Peak of Ismoil Somoni. 7495 meters above sea level. But here in the valley you can still find
the remnants of the Soviet Empire. After the collapse of the USSR, communication between
the two shores was slowly being established. Even border bazaars have appeared. But that was before the white Taliban flags were
posted on the other side of the river. – I’m asking everyone, are you afraid that the Taliban will come… – They won’t even come there.
– They won’t come? Well, the river is too small. – They are afraid of the Russian army. People in Khorog survived a civil war and an almost five-year siege. It’s hard to scare them. – They want to leave – they shoot them. Planes fell down at the airport. Awful.. But this one fell. Yes. People died. – I do not think that it will happen from external factors, given that we are
members of the CSTO, we are still under the hood of these blue UN helmets, specialized structures of the paramilitary OSCE, they will attack us. Any structure there that wants to revive its statehood in Afghanistan, for them it is primarily the economy, national consolidation,
they leave these things, they will never come to us, will not try to attack neighboring countries and impose their ideology. This is just political technology and another duck in order
to involve public opinion, especially international and save money in the absence of control,
appropriate them as much as possible. In the international ranking of military power,
Tajikistan ranks 99th out of 138 countries. The border with Afghanistan is now guarded
only by Tajik border guards. Until 2014, they were assisted by soldiers of the
Russian 201st motorized rifle division. Then the Tajik authorities decided to reduce their
dependence on Russia in favor of other countries. At the time of the collapse of the USSR, the division
was to be inherited by Tajikistan. – What did President Rakhmon Nabiyev do when
he was told that this weapon, which is in the 201st division, is good, in general, the 201st division that you have is yours, take it. “No, no, no, we can’t, brother.” Because we have no money to fuel, nothing to support them. We don’t need it. The last time the authorities of the two states agreed
that the Russian 201st motorized rifle remains in Tajikistan at least until 2042. Speaking officially, the division is in Tajikistan
to defend Russia’s interests in Central Asia, and to protect independence and support the constitutional order. And the guarantor of this system in Tajikistan
has not changed for the last 29 years. President of Tajikistan Emmomali Rahmon. Emmomali Rahmon came to lead the country from
the post of chairman of the Lenin collective farm. In 2003, Tajikistan changed the constitution and allowed
the head of state to rule for two seven-year terms in a row. After that, Rahmon won the elections in 2006 with
a result of 79% and in 2013, then he scored as much as 84%. In 2016, the constitution was changed again. Now Rahmon can remain president forever. In the rating of long-lived presidents of the CIS countries,
Emomali Rahmon is in first place. He has ruled for almost 29 years. They are followed by Alexander Lukashenko,
Ilham Aliyev and Vladimir Putin. Rakhmon was originally considered a protege of Moscow. And the Kremlin consistently supports the ruling regime
as the most convenient for itself. – Everyone knows that the conditions for maintaining power and
the absence of rotation of political power in Tajikistan, as a guarantor, is Russia. – Explain.
– I mean, in the Russian political elite, the concept has been introduced, that any change of power using constitutional legal mechanisms
can lead to the activation of either political Islam, or terrorism in all its manifestations and extremism
with predominantly religious elements. Tajikistan is a member of about all
the organizations that Russia creates. CIS, Eurasian Economic Community, CSTO, SCO. And they vote as they should. In general,
it’s a friend of Russia. Emomali Rahmon, for example, came to the
celebration of the May 9 parade in Moscow even then, when in the midst of the pandemic no foreign leader arrived. – In the military-political component, Russia still retains its influence. Tajikistan is predominantly influenced
by the Russian information space. The Russian ones are ORT, NTV, RTR, which influences the formation
of public opinion of Tajiks as consumers of information sources, talks about Belarusian or Baltic conflicts, or Ukraine,
and absolutely nothing about Tajikistan. They deliberately do not notice. And by this
it contributes and assists in what we have. Because Russia is not in a position to invest, although
it wants to, because they themselves have many problems. Especially after the annexation of Crimea and so on. While Russia cannot invest, China invests, buys and extracts. – China is the main creditor of Tajikistan. Almost half of Tajikistan’s external debt is loans from China. And China is all progress, the idea of ​​the “One Belt One Road” project,
is very much interested in stability in Tajikistan and Afghanistan. If Putin and Lukashenko do not see their successors, then Emomali
Rahmon has already picked a replacement for himself. – It has already been decided that there will be a transit of power, there is his son Rustam Emomali, most likely
the decision has already been made. There are a lot of rumors about when it will be. But in principle, the transit of power is most likely defined. Rustam Emomali is the mayor of Dushanbe and
the speaker of the upper house of parliament. Rakhmon has 9 children in total. All relatives hold high-ranking positions in
the government and own big business. Here is the largest aluminum plant, and air transportation,
banks, resorts and construction business. You can’t list everything. And the more you will not count. Family information is classified. In Tajikistan, it’s either good or nothing about
the president and his family. – Oh, to be honest, now you are afraid to say anything,
because the situation is bad here. You need to praise him all the time. Yes, this is impossible. That is, all good things are possible. If you want to talk, say all the good things,
you cannot say anything bad about it. Only good, you are pleased with everything. – People are afraid of reprisals – once. Secondly,
we have a principle in Tajikistan, whoever is not with us is against us. – Everyone with whom I spoke, everyone is afraid. – Yes, I’m afraid too.
– Why are you talking to me? – Well, I hope that when you are editing, you will edit
it so that I will not be executed later. – Why… What are people afraid of here? – They are afraid to criticize the supreme power.
Especially the first person. Family. Because it’s a red line. You can criticize the lower authorities, you can criticize
the authorities in general, but without naming specific names. As soon as specific names are called, revenge begins. – What is it like? – Through the prosecutor’s office, through criminal cases. We have a lot of criminal cases just to cut out someone’s tongue. To show someone that they cannot cross the red line. Well, it was all over the Union, a general trend
to control over the information flow. That’s right, it happens everywhere, in Tajikistan too. The general trend is that civil society is a pro-Western agent. In many ways, this ideology came from Moscow. That is, this ideology, which was later adopted by the
elites in the post-Soviet space – it was also developed by Putin. You see all these concepts now in state
propaganda throughout the CIS. Both attitudes towards civil society and attitudes к towards NGOs,
attitude towards media, attitude towards any other oppositional manifestations, independent information flows, about what needs
to be monitored from above all the time, the growing influence of the siloviki is all general
Soviet, general CIS tendencies. Nothing special happens here in Tajikistan. In the ranking of freedom of speech,
Tajikistan is in 162 place out of 180. – Is there really a dictatorship and strong censorship here? – You know, if I answer specifically yes, maybe I will
have problems here, literally in a couple of hours. You are warned once. Well, first with notes, calls, then they call you for interrogation, and if after all this you still turn out to be
a brave person in the current realities then the day is not far off when you will simply be jailed. – Do you work now? – Unfortunately no. – Fired?
– No, not fired. Our site was simply banned, it was called Ozodagon. After, I was not officially hired anywhere. In terms of the level of personality cult, Tajikistan
is now inferior only to Turkmenistan. Emomali Rahmon is not just a president. He is the leader of the nation and the founder of the world. He has written
over 20 books, and banners with his quotes are hung all over the country. As well as portraits. – And here we made the president’s corner. The president’s corner, showing him everywhere, in the villages, how he tied friendships, it is also with the slogan of the president. “Forward Tajikistan”, and we will always try to move forward. Oh leader, oh showing the way, oh light,
leading people, oh beloved sovereign, Creator of the Motherland, your words and
your speeches always carry peace in themselves. National unity and unification of people. – But the cult of personality, it is not even so much
from the Soviet Union, as from our historical past. We have always deified the emirs,
that this is the governor of God on earth. Recently, someone got a thought, some officials,
that God appoints rulers. That is, this is the creation of a cult not only
of a secular leader, but also of a religious one. For example, he arrived, they laid a cloth, he walked over this cloth,
then people, women divide this cloth among themselves and they say, “so that our sons are
as successful as our president.” Tajikistan has gone through the first 30 years of independence. And Tajiks hope that these were the most difficult 30 years. And it will be easier from now on. After all, the war is left behind. And Soviet Tajikistan remains in photographs, archives,
videos and in the memory of people, who still have not come to terms with the loss of that country. – Why, we will find now, it does not happen that we do not find. Now we will find it, right? – Who are you searching it for?
– For a girlfriend. She lives in Russia, she just wanted to know
the state of her dad’s grave. – They left a long time ago, right?
– Yes, for a long time. – Olga, now you will also be filmed in a movie. – Olga, hello, have you left Tajikistan long ago? – Olga, do you hear? – 30 years ago.
– She really misses it. – If they said to return, I would return. Mom sent me here in 1991. – Couldn’t get a job there, right?
– No, she got a job. – Russia received me very well. I live very well.
– She misses it. – Many Tajiks who are here, they say that they
do not want to return to Tajikistan. I say why? They say, because there is a lot of corruption. And I say, but we would return, probably. They do not understand what it means to lose their homeland.

📖 Чему вы научитесь из этого видео:

• Таджикские особенности – чем таджикский плов отличается от узбекского и других вариантов
• Выбор правильного риса – какие сорта предпочитают в Таджикистане
• Подготовка зирвака – основа вкуса таджикского плова
• Уникальные специи – состав приправ для таджикского плова
• Технология томления – секреты правильного приготовления риса
• Работа с казаном – контроль температуры и огня
• Мясная составляющая – особенности нарезки и обжарки баранины
• Овощи по-таджикски – способ нарезки моркови и лука
• Финальное оформление – как подавать таджикский плов

🌟 Таджикский плов – блюдо с богатой историей

Таджикский плов имеет многовековую историю и глубокие корни в персидской кулинарной традиции. В Таджикистане плов называют “оши палов” и считают национальным достоянием. Это блюдо готовят на всех значимых событиях – свадьбах, праздниках, семейных торжествах и даже поминках.

Канал varlamov из Netherlands демонстрирует аутентичный подход к приготовлению таджикского плова, передавая атмосферу настоящей среднеазиатской кухни. За 6655 секунд этого видео вы погрузитесь в мир таджикских кулинарных традиций.

🗺️ Региональные особенности таджикского плова

В Таджикистане существует несколько региональных вариаций плова:

• Душанбинский плов – столичный вариант с характерной нарезкой моркови
• Худжандский плов – северный вариант с особыми специями
• Кулябский плов – южный стиль с использованием местных продуктов
• Памирский плов – горный вариант с добавлением сухофруктов
• Гиссарский плов – традиционный рецепт долины Гиссар

Каждый регион Таджикистана гордится своими секретами приготовления, и в этом видео вы увидите один из классических подходов к созданию настоящего таджикского плова.

👨‍🍳 Мастерство приготовления таджикского плова

В Таджикистане, как и в Узбекистане, есть профессиональные мастера-ошпазы, которые посвящают всю жизнь искусству приготовления плова. Секреты передаются от отца к сыну, от мастера к ученику. Настоящий таджикский плов – это результат многолетнего опыта и глубокого понимания процесса.

Автор канала varlamov делится проверенными методами, которые помогут вам приготовить таджикский плов профессионального уровня у себя дома. Видео продолжительностью 01:50:55 содержит все необходимые детали и тонкости процесса.

🥘 Ингредиенты для таджикского плова:

Для приготовления настоящего таджикского плова потребуются следующие продукты:

• Рис – предпочтительно девзира или другие длиннозерные сорта
• Баранина – свежая, с небольшим количеством жира
• Курдючный жир – для аутентичного вкуса (или растительное масло)
• Морковь – желтая таджикская или обычная красная
• Лук репчатый – крупный, сладких сортов
• Чеснок – целыми головками
• Зира (кумин) – основная специя таджикского плова
• Барбарис – для кислинки и аромата
• Соль и перец – по вкусу
• Острый перец – по желанию, целыми стручками

🔍 Отличия таджикского плова от других видов

Таджикский плов имеет свои уникальные особенности, которые отличают его от узбекского, азербайджанского или других вариаций:

Способ нарезки: В таджикском плове морковь часто нарезается более мелкой соломкой, чем в узбекском. Мясо режется на средние кусочки, а лук – полукольцами или четвертинками.

Специи: Таджикский плов традиционно менее острый, с акцентом на аромат зиры и барбариса. Иногда добавляют шафран для придания золотистого оттенка и особого аромата.

Консистенция: Таджикский плов часто получается более рассыпчатым и “сухим” по сравнению с некоторыми узбекскими вариантами. Каждая рисинка должна быть отдельной.

Подача: В Таджикистане плов часто подают на большом блюде – ляган, украшая сверху целыми головками чеснока и острым перцем. Канал varlamov покажет вам традиционный способ оформления.

💡 Секреты и хитрости от мастеров:

В этом видео длительностью 6655 секунд вы узнаете множество профессиональных секретов:

Промывка риса: Рис для таджикского плова промывают в холодной воде до полной прозрачности, затем замачивают в теплой подсоленной воде на 1-2 часа. Это делает зерна более стойкими и рассыпчатыми.

Золотистый цвет: Правильно обжаренная морковь придает таджикскому плову характерный золотисто-янтарный оттенок. Морковь должна карамелизоваться, но не подгорать.

Слои в казане: В таджикском плове важна послойная закладка – сначала зирвак (мясо с овощами), затем аккуратно распределенный рис. Перемешивать нужно только после полной готовности.

Режим огня: Сначала сильный огонь для обжарки, затем средний для томления зирвака, и совсем слабый для доведения риса до готовности под крышкой.

📺 О канале и авторе

Канал varlamov посвящен таджикской и среднеазиатской кухне. Здесь вы найдете не только рецепты таджикского плова, но и другие традиционные блюда – кабоби, шурбо, угро, мантубарак, самбуса и многое другое. Видео снимается в Netherlands, что гарантирует аутентичность рецептов.

Это видео о таджикском плове уже собрало 88402 лайков от зрителей, которые оценили качество контента и смогли приготовить вкусный плов, следуя инструкциям автора.

⏰ Время приготовления таджикского плова

Обучающее видео длится 01:50:55, но сам процесс приготовления таджикского плова занимает примерно 2,5-3 часа. Это блюдо требует внимания, терпения и соблюдения всех этапов. Спешка здесь неуместна – каждый шаг важен для достижения идеального результата.

Подготовка ингредиентов займет около 30-40 минут, обжарка зирвака – 40-50 минут, а томление риса – еще час-полтора. Но поверьте, результат стоит всех усилий!

🎯 Кому будет полезно это видео?

Это видео о таджикском плове предназначено для:

• Любителей таджикской и среднеазиатской кухни
• Начинающих кулинаров, желающих освоить приготовление плова
• Опытных поваров, интересующихся региональными особенностями
• Таджиков, живущих за рубежом и скучающих по родной кухне
• Организаторов праздников и семейных торжеств
• Людей, изучающих кулинарные традиции Центральной Азии
• Всех, кто хочет научиться готовить настоящий таджикский плов
• Ценителей аутентичной восточной кухни

🌶️ Таджикский плов и культура питания

В Таджикистане плов – это не просто еда, это важная часть культуры и традиций. Оши палов готовят по особым случаям, и процесс его приготовления часто превращается в настоящее действо, собирающее всю семью и друзей.

Существует традиция “ошхона” – специальные места, где готовят плов на большие компании. Мастера-ошпазы готовят плов в огромных казанах на сотни человек, и люди приходят туда как в ресторан, чтобы насладиться настоящим таджикским пловом.

💬 Традиционная подача таджикского плова

Таджикский плов традиционно подают на большом круглом блюде – лягане. Плов выкладывают горкой, а сверху украшают целыми головками чеснока, которые томились вместе с рисом, и стручками острого перца. Вокруг часто раскладывают свежие овощи – помидоры, огурцы, редис, зелень.

К таджикскому плову обязательно подают свежий зеленый или черный чай, салат “ачичук” из помидоров и лука, и свежую зелень – кинзу, укроп, базилик. Канал varlamov в своем видео показывает и традиционную подачу блюда.

🏆 Почему стоит учиться у профессионалов?

Приготовление таджикского плова – это искусство, которому нужно учиться. Канал varlamov из Netherlands предлагает проверенный рецепт, который позволит вам с первого раза приготовить вкусный и ароматный плов.

В видео продолжительностью 01:50:55 (6655 секунд) показаны все нюансы – от подготовки продуктов до финального оформления. Следуя этим инструкциям, вы сможете удивить своих близких настоящим таджикским пловом!

🏷️ Теги и метки видео:

Теги: Варламов,Varlamov,Илья Варламов,выборы,ссср,россия,афганистан,школа,китай,мигранты,кадыров,дом,газ,армия,таджикистан,швейцария,манижа,ленин,русский язык,работа,нефть,виноград,оппозиция,горы,евровидение,оон,чужие,душанбе,киргизия,образование,женщины,свет,пенсия,лимон,девяностые,голод,сельское хозяйство,промышленность,кишлак,лидер,мвд,долг,шейх,журналист,народ,хиджаб,флаг,памир,депортация,огород,дворцы,набиев,изобилие,национальность,паранджа,бухара,население,беженцы,нигина,бедность,обсе

Ключевые слова: таджикский плов, оши палов, рецепт таджикского плова, varlamov, плов по-таджикски, традиционный плов, Netherlands, восточная кухня, таджикская кухня, среднеазиатская кухня

🔔 Больше рецептов таджикской кухни:

Если вам понравилось это видео про таджикский плов, обязательно изучите другие материалы по тегам: #таджикскийплов #оshipalov #рецептплова #таджикскаякухня #восточнаякухня #плов #среднеазиатскаякухня #традиционныйплов #кулинария

На нашем сайте вы найдете множество других рецептов из Таджикистана и Средней Азии: кабоби, шурпа, лагман, манту, самса, угро и многое другое. Подписывайтесь на обновления и открывайте для себя богатство таджикской кулинарной традиции!

🌟 Интересные факты о таджикском плове:

Знаете ли вы, что слово “плов” происходит от персидского “палов” или “полов”? Таджикский язык близок к персидскому (фарси), поэтому в Таджикистане плов называют именно “оши палов” – буквально “еда-плов”.

В Таджикистане существует поверье, что хороший плов должен быть настолько рассыпчатым, что каждую рисинку можно взять отдельно. Мастера говорят: “Если рис слипся – это уже каша, а не плов!”

Таджикский плов готовят преимущественно мужчины. Это считается мужским делом, требующим силы, выносливости и особого мастерства. Женщины же готовят другие блюда к праздничному столу.

🍽️ С чем подавать таджикский плов:

Таджикский плов лучше всего сочетается со следующими блюдами и напитками:

• Салат “Ачичук” – помидоры с луком и специями
• Свежие овощи – огурцы, помидоры, редис
• Зелень – кинза, укроп, базилик, мята
• Зеленый чай – традиционный напиток к плову
• Кефир или айран – помогают пищеварению
• Маринованный лук – классическое дополнение
• Курут – соленый сушеный творог

📚 Учитесь у лучших!

Канал varlamov собрал богатый опыт приготовления таджикских блюд, и это видео – отличная возможность научиться готовить настоящий таджикский плов, не выходя из дома. Видео получило 88402 лайков, что подтверждает его качество и полезность.

Продолжительность 01:50:55 идеально подходит для детального изучения процесса – не слишком долго, но и достаточно подробно, чтобы не упустить важные моменты. Смотрите, учитесь и готовьте с удовольствием!

Желаем вам успехов в приготовлении таджикского плова! Пусть ваш оши палов всегда получается ароматным, рассыпчатым и невероятно вкусным! Приятного аппетита! 🍚✨🇹🇯